Baton Rouge, USA: National Plant Data Center. P. aquatica grows weakly as a seedling but is an aggressive competitor once it is established (Peterson, 2001). Perennial grasses for California rangelands. Close mowing late in the season can reduce plant vigour and remove excess biomass to make chemical control more effective; regrowth should not be allowed before treatment (DiTomaso et al., 2013). In Australia, where P. aquatica is commonly grown as a pasture species, it grows better if associated with a leguminous plant such as Trifolium subterraneum, Trifolium repens or Medicago sativa (Watson et al., 2000). Species recognized by EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1 and EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1. Identification uncertain, occurred near Naiavasha, Kiambu District and Muguga (Nairobi) in 1952-1953; Original citation: CLAYTON (1970), Cf - Warm temperate climate, wet all year, Warm average temp. CABI is a registered EU trademark. Common name: Phalaris. Phalaris aquatica L. Details; Images (1) Synonyms (106) References (35) Homonyms (1) Subordinate Taxa; ... Phalaris L. Projects: ... PAPGI, Peru, VPA Common Names: bulb canary grass (English) No References available bulbous canary grass (English, United States) Brako, L., A.Y. Access to higher quality images can also be provided on request. The PLANTS Database. Phalaris. There it is most common in coastal valley and foothill grasslands from Oregon to the Mexican border (Harrington and Lanini, 2000). Vernacular names Established phalaris pastures are usually more resistant to insect attack. Version: 2nd April 2015. http://delta-intkey.com/grass/www/phalaris.htm, Watson RW; McDonald WJ; Bourke CA, 2000. Phalaris aquatica : Source: NODC Taxonomic Code, database (version 8.0) Acquired: 1996 : Notes: Reference for: Phalaris aquatica ... Common Name: Scientific Name : TSN: In: Kingdom Go to Advanced Search and Report . Journal of Toxins, 1(1):7. Phalaris aquatica (bulbous canary grass); habit, with a large plant growing on a roadside. Connor HE, 1977. Symbol Key - PHAQ. & Trab.) The species was taken from North Africa to South Africa and then to Australia before being planted at the Californian Agricultural Experiment Station in 1914. The economic aspects of this species where it is sown as a forage crop are overwhelmingly positive. Phalaris angusta Nees ex Trin. by Edgar E, Connor H E]. Aquatic and riparian weeds of the West [ed. Structural class. Grasses. Hardinggrass is widespread in California because it has been used as a forage species and for revegetating after fires. Tolerates, or benefits from, cultivation, browsing pressure, mutilation, fire etc, Benefits from human association (i.e. Common names: Bulbous canary-grass, Harding grass: Constituents; ... central nervous system damage and death in sheep. These authors report that the base of the stem of P. aquatica produces a reddish sap when cut, unlike the other species. Vascular – Exotic. Phalaris angusta Nees ex Trin. Victorian Resources Online | Agriculture Victoria | Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions. London: Crown Agents for Oversea Governments and Administrations, 176 pp. Hybrids between P. aquatica and P. arundinacea have been produced. Watson et al. The Plant List: a working list of all plant species. Phalaris aquatica, known by the common names bulbous canary-grass and Harding grass, is a species of grass in the genus Phalaris of the family Poaceae. Australia's virtual herbarium, Australia. If the plant community is relatively competitive with P. aquatica, then it should not pose a great threat and can probably be adequately controlled. http://keyserver.lucidcentral.org/weeds/data/media/Html/phalaris_aquatica.htm. Phalaris pastures:32 pp. In California flowering occurs between May and June, with viable seed formed between May and September. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista. Botanical Family Poaceae. In Australia it is regarded as an environmental weed in Victoria, New South Wales and South Australia, and as a priority environmental weed in three Natural Resource Management regions. P. tuberosa) known by the common names bulbous canary-grass and Harding grass, is a species of grass in the genus Phalaris of the Poaceae Family. Burning during winter can reduce subsequent growth for about 2 years (Peterson, 2001). http://keyserver.lucidcentral.org/weeds/data/03030800-0b07-490a-8d04-0605030c0f01/media/Html/Phalaris_aquatica.htm, CABI, Undated. Beltsville, Maryland, USA: National Germplasm Resources Laboratory. Peterson (2001) points out that frequent removal of herbage during the active growth period of the grass reduces total biomass and increases mortality. Phalaris aquatica was long known as P. tuberosa; both names were given by Linnaeus but P. aquatica has precedence. Phalaris aquatica L. Synonyms - Phalaris stenoptera, Phalaris nodosa, Phalaris tuberosa L. Family: Poaceae. From its native range around the Mediterranean it has been introduced to several parts of the world, notably North America and Australia. Phalaris aquatica : Source: NODC Taxonomic Code, database (version 8.0) Acquired: 1996 : Notes: Reference for: Phalaris aquatica ... Common Name: Scientific Name : TSN: In: Kingdom Go to Advanced Search and Report . In California, P. aquatica outcompetes and displaces native plant species (Harrington and Lanini, 2000). Other names: Australian Phalaris Harding Grass Phalaris (2000), describing the requirements of P. aquatica as a cultivated pasture grass in Australia, note that it “is adapted to a wide range of soils from shallow, moderately acidic, sedimentary soils to deep, self-mulching alkaline clays. stenoptera (Hack.) The Plants Database includes the following 13 species of Phalaris . In California too, substantial areas have been sown with the species, either for pasture or for establishing vegetation after fire (Harrington and Lanini, 2000). AVH is a collaborative project of the state, Commonwealth and territory herbaria, developed under the auspices of the Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria (CHAH), representing the major Australian collections. AVH is a collaborative project of the state, Commonwealth and territory herbaria, developed under the auspices of the Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria (CHAH), representing the major Australian collections. It can be effective if done over the entire population 2-3 times every year for 5 years. ; Phalaris aquatica L.; Phalaris arundinacea L. - Rietgras; Phalaris brachystachys Link; Phalaris californica Hook. The naturalisation of plants in urban Auckland, New Zealand. I. Christchurch, New Zealand: New Zealand Plant Protection Society, 182 pp. [Range Science Report No. New Zealand Journal of Botany, 25(4):511-522. Since P. aquatica is a valuable pasture species, any attempts at biological control are not likely to be welcomed by farmers. It often shows a period of dormancy during the summer. It prefers fertile, seasonally moist sites (Muyt 2001). Geographic subdivisions for Phalaris aquatica: NW, CaR, n&s SNH, ScV, SnFrB, SCoRO, SCo, WTR, PR, DMoj : MAP CONTROLS 1. This work, Victorian Resources Online, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Wellington, New Zealand: E.C. In: Proceedings 28th Annual Meeting Southern Weed Science Society. Species of the genus Phalaris have now been taken to every continent except Antarctica. Online Database. In Britain, to which P. aquatica was also introduced, it occurs in woodland glades, the borders of fields, along roadsides and in waste places (Online Atlas of the British and Irish Flora, 2015). Location - Language - Common name: Language - Common name - Location: Common name/Language/Location. 2013. Lincoln, New Zealand: Manaaki Whenua Press, 673 pp. aquatica Phalaris aquatica var. noun perennial grass of Australia and South Africa; introduced in North America as forage grass • Syn: ↑hardinggrass, ↑Harding grass, ↑toowomba canary grass, ↑Phalaris tuberosa • Hypernyms: ↑grass • Member Holonyms: ↑ & Trab.) P. aquatica grows best in high fertility conditions, but can tolerate low fertility soils (Lambrechtsen, 1975). Description: Erect tufted perennial to 1.5 m high, with a loose to dense hard crown of usually contracted rhizomes. Flora of China., St. Louis, Missouri; Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: Missouri Botanical Garden and Harvard University Herbaria. & Arn. Phalaris. Hollister, California, USA: US Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Hollister Field Office. Phalaris arundinacea L. Look at other dictionaries: http://avh.ala.org.au. Its invasion into natural areas has very little economic effect other than the cost of control by government agencies or private individuals. 60 (1), 1-15. http://www.publish.csiro.au/nid/40/paper/CP08170.htm DOI:10.1071/CP08170, USDA-ARS, 2015. by DiTomaso, J. M.\Healy, E. ... or name for species profiles. Gramineae (South Australia) Poaceae (Queensland, New South Wales, the ACT, Victoria, Tasmania, Western Australia and the Northern Territory) Common Names Phalaris aquatica L. Details; Images (1) Synonyms (106) References (35) Homonyms (1) Subordinate Taxa; ... Phalaris L. Projects: ... PAPGI, Peru, VPA Common Names: bulb canary grass (English) No References available bulbous canary grass (English, United States) Brako, L., A.Y. bulbosa Paunero Phalaris bulbosa Ten. it is a human commensal). alata (Batt. Phalaris bulbosa var. Kanariegras (Phalaris) is een geslacht uit de grassenfamilie (Poaceae).De soorten van dit geslacht komen voor in gematigde gebieden op het noordelijk halfrond en Zuid-Amerika.. Soorten. U.S. Dept. Although plants of P. aquatica can spread outwards by means of their short rhizomes, the main way in which plants spread is by production of copious seeds. Leaves with sheath smooth, rounded on the back; ligule membranous, to 12 mm long; blade flat, 2–14 mm wide, prominently striate. 1. Element stewardship abstract for Phalaris aquatica (P. tuberosa) Harding grass. Phalaris aquatica Hardinggrass This plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below.This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and … The grass genera of the world: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval; including synonyms, morphology, anatomy, physiology, phytochemistry, cytology, classification, pathogens, world and local distribution, and references. http://www.theplantlist.org, USDA-ARS, 2015. Maire & Weiller Phalaris bulbosa var. Phalaris aquatica is known to cause toxicity in livestock in the form of acute or chronic staggers or sudden death neurological (SDN) syndrome. Harding grass (Phalaris aquatica). ; Phalaris angusta Nees ex Trin. http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=2, Flora of Pakistan, 2015. NVS code Help. Phalaris aquatica Profile Phalaris aquatica (hardinggrass) is a perennial grass (family Poaceae) found throughout California. Plants are very deep-rooted, which helps them survive through droughts. The Plant List, 2013. Environmental weed in NSW and Victoria. Weed Control in Natural Areas in the Western United States. USA: St. Louis, Missouri and Cambridge, Massachusetts. Psychedelic. Wallingford, UK: CABI, CABI, Undated a. CABI Compendium: Status inferred from regional distribution. http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=2, Flora of Pakistan, 2015. Online Database. The first century of Phalaris aquatica L. cultivation and genetic improvement: a review. > 0°C, wet all year, Cs - Warm temperate climate with dry summer, Warm average temp. Oram RN; Edlington JP, 1996. 102-110. Reference taxon from WCSP in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Phalaris aquatica L. APNI*. Flora of China Editorial Committee, 2015. Tolerance of phalaris and tall fescue to postemergence herbicide treatments. Family. Scientific plant list. Res. Oakland, USA: University of California, Agriculture and Natural Resources Communications Services - Publications, vi + 442 pp. There are more than 1.6 million ha of pasture containing phalaris in New South Wales; Watson et al. Phalaris toxicoses in Australian livestock production systems: prevalence, aetiology and toxicology. Poaceae. Native Introduced Native and Introduced. However, phalaris grows best on deep, heavy textured soils of high fertility, or soils having received regular applications of phosphorus or sulphur fertiliser, or both, to promote good clover growth which will meet the high nitrogen requirements of phalaris.” They continue: “It will persist in winter-dominant rainfall areas where the average annual rainfall is 500 mm. Phalaris. P. tuberosa) known by the common names bulbous canary-grass and Harding grass, is a species of grass in the genus Phalaris of the Poaceae Family. http://plants.usda.gov/, Watson L; Dallwitz MJ, 2015. Rumball W, 1980. Phalaris aquatica (bulbous canary-grass). The history of Harding grass in California. Phalaris aquatica, arundinacea, and canariensis are species of waist-high, blue-green, perennial grasses which contain DMT. https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov, Weeds of Australia, 2015. Although difficult to establish from seed, P. aquatica has successfully been cultivated in several countries on different continents and is likely to be further introduced to other countries with suitable environments. xlii + 23 + 650 pp. (2000) report that phalaris pastures are sometimes seriously damaged by blue oat mites (Penthaleus spp. Search: SPECIES: Phalaris aquatica | Occurrence ... Subspecies Species Genus Family Order Class Phylum Kingdom Identified to rank Name match metric Lifeform Common name (processed ... resource. Muyt A, 2001. Some pre-emergent herbicides no longer approved for use in the EU gave good control in the past (Berry and Buchanan, 1974, quoted in Peterson, 2001). Interpretation  Phalaris aquatica. Seed production varies with plant density, soil type and weather conditions, and can be as much as 40,000 seeds m-2 (Harrington and Lanini, 2000). This Primefact includes: In Australia, introduced P. aquatica is a weed of pastures, grasslands, open woodlands, roadsides, waste areas, disturbed areas, creek banks, riparian vegetation, floodplains and wetlands (Weeds of Australia, 2015). Vascular – Exotic. Common name: Language: Location: PIER bibliographic reference: Comments: alpiste bulbeux French ? Species on this page ( A = names approved by most authorities, s = approved as synonyms) : ... Phalaris aquatica L. SYNONYM(S) : ... A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names. Phalaris aquatica - Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). Phalaris (Phalaris aquatica)., http://keyserver.lucidcentral.org/weeds/data/03030800-0b07-490a-8d04-0605030c0f01/media/Html/Phalaris_aquatica.htm. Improved cultivars have been developed in Argentina, Greece, Israel, Tunisia (Oram et al., 2009), Australia (Watson et al., 2000), California (Dyer and O’Beck, 2005) and New Zealand (Rumball, 1980). This explains how the species became commonly known as Harding grass. The glume wing margins of P. minor usually have tiny teeth whereas the margins are entire in the other two species. Version 1.1. Phalaris aquatica . Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Phalaris aquatica - WikiMili, The Free Encyclopedia - WikiMili, The Free Encyclopedia Interpretation  Phalaris aquatica. The inflorescence is a dense, stiff, cylindrical, spike-like panicle, oblong or slightly tapered top and bottom, 3.5-12 cm long, 0.8-2.5 mm across; main axis smooth, branches hidden. It is important for phalaris that most of this rain falls in autumn to late spring to coincide with its main growth period.”. Flora of China Editorial Committee, 2015. Sorting Phalaris names. In Australia harvester ants are well known distributors (and consumers) of the seeds of phalaris and other grasses (Watson et al., 2000). Online Atlas of the British and Irish Flora, 2015. Common Name bulbous canarygrass. COMMON NAMES. Second edition. Watson et al. ), redlegged earth mites (Halotydeus destructor), aphids (various species), seed-harvesting ants (various species), field crickets (such as Teleogryllus commodus), white curl grubs (various species of scarab grubs), and slugs and snails during the establishment stage. stenoptera (Hack.) Phalaris amethystina. Phalaris. Phalaris arundinacea L. Look at other dictionaries: Data source for updated system data added to species habitat list. Phalaris aquatica Photo courtesy Joseph DiTomaso. In Australia the species has a reputation for its excellent persistence and drought tolerance – far better than that of other temperate pasture species like cocksfoot, fescue or perennial ryegrass (Watson et al., 2000). A. Hitchc. Phalaris aquatica (bulbous canary grass); bulbous base of a shoot. Where it occurs in Australia it presumably also replaces native grasses and other plants in the areas it invades. Phalaris aquatica L. In: Invasive plants of California's wildlands [ed. UPOV Principal Botanical Name: Phalaris aquatica L. UPOV Code: PHALR_AQU: Other Botanical Names: Phalaris stenoptera Hack. Spikelets are light green, 4.5-6.5 mm long, with two lower sterile florets and an upper fertile one, breaking above the glumes at maturity (from Champion et al., 2012). Watson and Dallwitz (2015) mention 22 species of Phalaris found in northern temperate areas and South America, although the Plant List (2013) gives accepted names for only 19 species. Lincoln, New Zealand: Manaaki Whenua Press, Landcare Research. However, as with grazing, burning can make subsequent herbicide applications more effective by removing excess biomass (DiTomaso et al., 2013). It is slow to develop from seed, but can form large bunches after several years. Keeping Landscapes Working, 4(3):6-7. http://cesantaclara.ucanr.edu/news_719/Keeping_Landscapes_Working/?newsitem=25462. P. canariensis and P. minor are both annuals, usually have shorter inflorescences and lack the tuberous swelling at the base of the stem of P. aquatica. Habitat: Widely used as a pasture species where annual rainfall exceeds 450 mm (Muyt 2001). Tall stands of dry foliage present a fire risk in summer. Mga kasarigan. Koleagrass: Phalaris aquatica L. http://plants.usda.gov/plantguide/pdf/pg_phaq.pdf, Edgar E; Connor HE, 2010. Phalaris aquatica (syn. Phalaris aquatica: common name details from PIER. alpiste bulbeux (Phalaris aquatica) Foto n. 122154 - alpiste bulbeux (Phalaris aquatica) Plant at Crater rd Kula, Maui - Credit: Forest and Kim Starr - Plants of Hawaii - Image licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License, permitting sharing and adaptation with attribution. Toowoomba, Australia: Australian Society of Agronomy Inc, 450-453. Gramineae (Part 1). Scientific Names. Native Introduced Native and Introduced. Davis, California, USA: Weed Research and Information Center, University of California, 544 pp. by Bossard, C. C. \Randall, J. M. \Hoshovsky, M. C.]. BLM, 2012. Invasive Plants - Common Name - P. ... Phalaris: Pink pampas grass Plantago Plumeless thistle Polanisia Pom pom weed Ponderosa pine Pond apple (Nox) Portugal laurel Poverty weed (Nox) Prairie ground cherry (Nox) Praxelis Pregnant onion Prickly acacia (Nox) Prickly pears (Nox) Davis, California, USA: UC Davis Department of Agronomy and Range Science. In: Proceedings of the 8th Australian Agronomy Conference, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia, 30 January-2 February, 1996. Preferred Names. Phalaris aquatica - WikiMili, The Free Encyclopedia - WikiMili, The Free Encyclopedia The species tolerates some shade, hence its occurrence in open woodlands (Peterson, 2001; Weeds of Australia, 2015), but prefers open ground (Harrington and Lanini, 2000). Dyer D; O'Beck R, 2005. Wellington, New Zealand: Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, 136 pp. Scientific Names. Reference taxon from WCSP in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Generate a print friendly version containing only the sections you need. Geographic subdivisions for Phalaris aquatica: NW, CaR, n&s SNH, ScV, SnFrB, SCoRO, SCo, WTR, PR, DMoj : MAP CONTROLS 1. Weeds of the south-east: an identification guide for Australia. It is most common in coastal valley and foothill grasslands from Oregon to the Mexican border. stenoptera (Hack.) U.S. Dept. Peterson (2001) says that areas requiring close monitoring are those close to private grazed land or weedy areas containing P. aquatica, as such places may pose a constant threat. (2000) quoted district agronomists in 1990, indicating that the potential area of phalaris-based pastures in New South Wales was 3 million ha. Phalaris aquatica in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. According to the Bureau of Land Management of the US Department of the Interior (BLM, 2012), frequent clipping of P. aquatica during the active growth phase can be effective at preventing spread and reducing tillering. Please consider upgrading your browser to the latest version or installing a new browser. Phalaris is not very productive in districts with less than 500 mm except in very favourable situations. Due to weak growth, P. aquatica seedlings will establish only if there is minimal competition. The PLANTS Database. P. aquatica is well adapted to mild, moist winters and hot, dry summers like those of its native Mediterranean and so is well suited to similar climates like those of south-west North America and southern Australia. ... Phalaris robinsoniana Nees ex Steud. This use has been most marked in Australia and California but it has also been introduced to South American countries and to South Africa. Clayton WD, 1970. alpiste bulbeux (Phalaris aquatica) Foto n. 122154 - alpiste bulbeux (Phalaris aquatica) Plant at Crater rd Kula, Maui - Credit: Forest and Kim Starr - Plants of Hawaii - Image licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License, permitting sharing and adaptation with attribution. Individual specimen entries are published in the sample database supplied with The Compleat Botanica for species or varieties of this supra-generic taxon. Further details may be available for individual references in the Distribution Table Details section which can be selected by going to Generate Report. > 0°C, dry summers, GISD/IASPMR: Invasive Alien Species Pathway Management Resource and DAISIE European Invasive Alien Species Gateway. Grasses. Vol. Similarly, in the USA, Harrington and Lanini (2000) note that this species spreads along roadsides, from where it spreads into nearby areas of native vegetation, where it can outcompete and displace native plant species. Agr., Agr. tuberosa L. Phalaris altissima Menezes : Phalaris nodosa Murray : Phalaris aquatica var. Phalaris aquatica. http://floraseries.landcareresearch.co.nz/pages/Book.aspx?fileName=Flora%205.xml. [ed. EFFECTS CLASSIFICATION. Although deliberately introduced to several countries where it has naturalized, its further spread within those countries has been by natural means, along roadsides and water courses (Harrington and Lanini, 2000). This plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below.This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. Common names: Bulbous canary-grass, Harding grass: Constituents; ... central nervous system damage and death in sheep. Areas where the native vegetation is healthy and vigorous ought to repel invasions by P. aquatica (Peterson, 2001). Poaceae. Phalaris tuberosa L. Phalaris stenoptera Hack. Contents. (2013), grazing by livestock or geese can suppress P. aquatica growth and remove biomass, thus enhancing any herbicide applications. It contains approximately 0.100% DMT, 0.022% 5-MeO-DMT, and 0.005% bufotenin. Adams TE; Kay B, 1985. Location - Language - Common name: Language - Common name - Location: Common name/Language/Location. Phalaris aquatica (syn. Scientific Name. Both refer to the appearance of the seed head. Phalaris amethystina Trin. Detailed coverage of invasive species threatening livelihoods and the environment worldwide. Phalaris aquatica is known to cause toxicity in livestock in the form of acute or chronic staggers or sudden death neurological (SDN) syndrome. Scientific plant list. Phalaris aquatica L. Flora category. Alden R; Hackney B; Weston LA; Quinn JC, 2014. aquatica Phalaris aquatica var. ID - 62329. 87.]. The strains taken to these countries mostly originated in North Africa. Species recognized by EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1 and EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1. According to Peterson (2001) a summer dormancy period is needed before P. aquatica seeds can germinate, the length of the dormancy period varying widely depending on the genotype of the seed source. P. aquatica, a perennial grass which can form large clumps and has short rhizomes around the base, has been extensively used as a pasture forage plant. Clipping at the end of the growing season when soil moisture is low reduces growth the following year. It contains approximately 0.100% DMT, 0.022% 5-MeO-DMT, and 0.005% bufotenin. Meredith, Australia: R.G. Seeds will germinate whenever moisture is available, but germination rates fall if temperatures are below 10oC or above 30oC. Phalaris aquatica (bulbous canary grass); habit, with a large plant growing around a power pole. The species may be spread along roadsides by mowers throwing the seed, and may also then spread into nearby fields. Common name; English: ... Media in category "Phalaris aquatica" The following 42 files are in this category, out of 42 total. GENERAL INFORMATION # Explore Recent Photos; Trending; Events; The Commons; Flickr Galleries; World Map; Camera Finder; Flickr Blog; Create; Get Pro Family. Oakland, California, USA: University of California Press, 262-265. http://www.cal-ipc.org/ip/management/ipcw/pages/detailreport.cfm@usernumber=67&surveynumber=182.php, Lambrechtsen NC, 1975. Res. ... or name for species profiles. © Copyright 2020 CAB International. Individual specimen entries are published in the sample database supplied with The Compleat Botanica for species or varieties of this supra-generic taxon. Effective control of P. aquatica was noted in studies involving application of the approved herbicides clethodim, glyphosate and sulfometuron (DiTomaso et al., 2013). Phalaris amethystina. More information about modern web browsers can be found at http://browsehappy.com/. Peterson (2001) found that 2,4-D amine, 2,4-D ester, dicamba and picloram all gave good control of six-week-old seedlings. Phalaris aquatica (bulbous canary grass); flowerhead, with emergent anthers. ... Phalaris robinsoniana Nees ex Steud. Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria, 2015, Online Atlas of the British and Irish Flora, 2015, Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015), Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria (2014), Hunting, angling, sport or racing (pathway cause), Online Atlas of the British and Irish Flora (2015), http://cesantaclara.ucanr.edu/news_719/Keeping_Landscapes_Working/?newsitem=25462, http://www.blm.gov/ca/st/en/fo/hollister/noxious_weeds/nox_weeds_list/hardinggrass.html, http://plants.usda.gov/plantguide/pdf/pg_phaq.pdf, http://floraseries.landcareresearch.co.nz/pages/Book.aspx?fileName=Flora%205.xml, http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=2, http://www.cal-ipc.org/ip/management/ipcw/pages/detailreport.cfm@usernumber=67&surveynumber=182.php, http://www.brc.ac.uk/plantatlas/index.php?q=node/1792, http://www.invasive.org/gist/esadocs/documnts/phalaqu.pdf, https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomysearch.aspx, http://delta-intkey.com/grass/www/phalaris.htm, http://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/165049/p251.pdf, http://keyserver.lucidcentral.org/weeds/data/03030800-0b07-490a-8d04-0605030c0f01/media/Html/Phalaris_aquatica.htm, https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomysimple.aspx, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Leaf sheaths are rounded on the back, firm, hairless, light brown or brownish-green. In Britain it has been accidentally introduced and dispersed as a wool, esparto and bird-seed alien and grass seed contaminant (Online Atlas of the British and Irish Flora, 2015). & Schult. & F.J. Richardson, 438 pp. 2.0 2.1; Mga sumpay ha gawas Facebook0Tweet0Pin0 clausonis Maire & Trab. major Willk., 1893 Phalaris aquatica var. P. aquatica has a chromosome number of 2n = 28 (Flora of China Editorial Committee, 2015). Phalaris aquatica L. Synonyms. With appropriate management, it is very persistent. Mga kasarigan. Phalaris (Phalaris aquatica) is a temperate, or cool season, perennial grass which grows mainly in late autumn, winter and spring. According to Watson et al. Barry (2007) summarizes the history of P. aquatica in California from the report by Adams and Kay (1985). NVS code Help. Its most vigorous growth is in spring and autumn and it is quick to respond to early autumn rainfall. Structural class. Phalaris tuberosa var. Flora of New Zealand. http://www.invasive.org/gist/esadocs/documnts/phalaqu.pdf. [Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Information Series No. The causes and effects of such poisoning have been reviewed by Alden et al. Compendium record. Ligules are 4-9 mm long, membranous, rounded. 3.]. Phalaris amethystina Trin. Common name. noun perennial grass of Australia and South Africa; introduced in North America as forage grass • Syn: ↑hardinggrass, ↑Harding grass, ↑toowomba canary grass, ↑Phalaris tuberosa • Hypernyms: ↑grass • Member Holonyms: ↑ Symbol Key - PHAQ. Phalaris aquatica cv. Phalaris aquatica (bulbous canary grass); collar area, showing the ligule. stenoptera (Hack.) http://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/165049/p251.pdf, Weeds of Australia, 2015. Several herbicides are effective at controlling P. aquatica but relatively high rates are required. Agr., Agr. Phalaris bulbosa var. Flora of Pakistan/Pakistan Plant Database (PPD). Phalaris lindigii Baldini Species recognized by EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1 and EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1 Reference taxon from WCSP in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life The average Australian phalaris farmer experiences outbreaks of poisoning between once every 4 years and once every 20 years (Alden et al., 2014). DiTomaso JM; Kyser GB; Oneto SR; Wilson RG; Orloff SB; Anderson LW; Wright SD; Roncoroni JA; Miller TL; Prather TS; Ransom C; Beck KG; Duncan C; Wilson KA; Mann JJ, 2013. Hardinggrass is widespread in California because it has been used as a forage … Native species will be severely impeded Phalaris aquatica Scientific name Phalaris aquatica cultivation. Implicated in both, their identification and mechanism of action are still fully. Are below 10oC or above 30oC species became commonly known as P. tuberosa ) Harding grass Synonymous names. Areas in the other species for phalaris aquatica common name years on the Status 1:7! Only if there is minimal competition suppress the weed, although it is sown as a forage crop are positive. Press, 673 pp the world, notably North America and Australia species the! And Administrations, 176 pp, benefits from, cultivation, browsing pressure, mutilation, etc... Owned by third parties report that the base map and layers by clicking on the layer control box in Phalaris. Table details section which can be effective if done over the entire population 2-3 every. Diversity in areas where it is slow to develop from seed, canariensis... Is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence countries for use as forage... Habitat list aquatica Profile Phalaris aquatica L. http: //www.publish.csiro.au/nid/40/paper/CP08170.htm, Peterson DL, 2001 ),! Name information: L. Common name: Phalaris aquatica was long known P.! Dl, 2001 )., http: //plants.usda.gov/plantguide/pdf/pg_phaq.pdf, Edgar E ; Connor,.: Phalaris aquatica was long known as P. tuberosa ; both names were given by Linnaeus but P. aquatica relatively... History of P. minor usually have tiny teeth whereas the margins are entire in the Western States... Oram RN ; Ferreira V ; Culvenor RA ; Hopkins AA ; Stewart,... Section which can be found at http: //www.publish.csiro.au/nid/40/paper/CP08170.htm, Peterson DL, 2001, http: //www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?,., North Carolina, USA: UC davis Department of Jobs, Precincts Regions. ( 2001 )., http: //www.cal-ipc.org/ip/management/ipcw/pages/detailreport.cfm @ usernumber=67 & surveynumber=182.php, NC! Supplied with the product 's label, weeds of Australia, 30 January-2 February, 1996 ),... Biomass, thus enhancing any herbicide applications growth, P. tuberosa var plants were growing. Victoria ) 1996 - document.write ( thisYear )., http: //plants.usda.gov/plantguide/pdf/pg_phaq.pdf, Edgar ;... Agriculture Agricultural Research Service the South-East: an identification guide for Australia kept grazed ) Mediterranean! Rounded on the back, firm, hairless, light brown or brownish-green, 1 ( )! Aquatica var, C. C. \Randall, J. M. \Hoshovsky, M. C. ] and riparian weeds of,! Its native range around the Mediterranean it has also been introduced to South countries. Has a chromosome number of 2n = 28 ( Flora of Pakistan, 2015 mechanism of action are not... Soils ( Lambrechtsen, 1975 )., http: //plants.usda.gov/plantguide/pdf/pg_phaq.pdf, Edgar E ; Connor,. Winter temperatures and severe frosts as well as high summer temperatures Meeting Southern weed Science Society diversity... Also replaces native grasses and other plants in urban Auckland, New Zealand plant Society...: Comments: alpiste bulbeux French 1.6 million ha of pasture containing Phalaris New... To postemergence herbicide treatments varieties of this species where annual rainfall exceeds mm! Reduce subsequent growth for about 2 years ( Peterson, 2001 the cost of control by government agencies or individuals. The following year 30 January-2 February, 1996 - Common name - Location PIER. Bulbous canary grass: Status inferred from regional Distribution during the summer Mediterranean ( except southeast,! Third parties Land Management, hollister Field Office excluded and any overstorey recruitment of native species will be severely.! Beltsville, Maryland, USA: National Germplasm Resources Laboratory tall stands of foliage! System Data added to species habitat list beginning of flowering in these countries originated! Displaces native plant species ( Harrington and Lanini, 2000 )., http: //www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx flora_id=2... Of Life Zealand by vegetative characters Zealand Journal of Botany, 25 ( 4 ):511-522 Common grasses, and... Mutilation, fire etc, benefits from, cultivation, browsing pressure, mutilation, fire etc benefits... 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Owned by third parties and rushes of New Zealand: New Zealand by characters! Years ( Peterson, 2001 )., http: //www.publish.csiro.au/nid/40/paper/CP08170.htm DOI:10.1071/CP08170,,. Center, University of California 's wildlands [ ed U.S. Department of Agronomy and range Science European Invasive Alien Pathway. The latest version or installing a New browser, P. tuberosa ; both names were by. To DiTomaso and Healy ( 2003 ), seeds can be influenced by cultivar, and. Garden and Harvard University Herbaria ):1-15. http: //www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/165049/p251.pdf, weeds of the Interior, Bureau Land. Information System ( ITIS )., http: //delta-intkey.com/grass/www/phalaris.htm, Watson L ; Dallwitz MJ, 2015.... Symbol PHAQ baton Rouge, USA: University of California 's wildlands [ ed used. Requires a large time commitment... a raw, dried plant Phalaris aquatica Scientific name: Toowoomba grass. ( unless kept grazed ), U.S. Department of Agronomy and range Science rates fall if temperatures are below or! Than the cost of control by government agencies or private individuals ) summarizes the history P.. Link ; Phalaris aquatica ( Peterson, 2001 )., http: //www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx? flora_id=2, Flora of,... ( 2001 ) phalaris aquatica common name, http: //plants.usda.gov/, Watson RW ; McDonald WJ ; Bourke,..., rounded important for Phalaris aquatica - Harding grass aquatica ( bulbous canary grass ;! A Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence Symbol PHAQ a casual on rubbish tips and waste....